Choosing the best AI tools for business in 2025 can feel overwhelming with so many options available. Many teams struggle with scattered workflows, slow content creation, and inconsistent branding. That is where AI-powered platforms step in, helping automate repetitive tasks, analyze data faster, and create high-quality content at scale. This guide explores top AI tools for business and we'll also highlight how Pippit stands out with its seamless content creation, e-commerce visuals, and smart publishing capabilities.
- Why businesses need AI tools in 2025
- Pippit: Best AI tool for content creation & marketing
- AI tools for business name and branding success
- AI tools for business planning and productivity
- AI tools for business analysts and market research use
- Enterprise generative AI tools for business growth
- How to choose the right AI tool for your business
- The future of AI in business strategies for 2025 & beyond
- Conclusion
- FAQs
Why businesses need AI tools in 2025
In 2025, the AI tools for business are essential for staying competitive in a fast-paced digital world. These tools drive automation and efficiency, reducing manual effort across operations and freeing up teams to focus on strategic tasks. With advanced data-driven decision-making, businesses can uncover insights, predict trends, and respond swiftly to market changes. AI tools also give companies a competitive edge in marketing by enabling personalized campaigns, content generation, and faster execution. Whether you're a startup or an enterprise, adopting the best AI tools for business ensures smarter workflows, stronger branding, and greater overall impact across departments.
As AI continues to transform how businesses operate, one tool stands out for its ability to streamline content creation and elevate brand presence. Pippit combines automation with creativity, making it a top choice among the best AI tools for business in 2025. From generating high-quality marketing videos to designing impactful business visuals, Pippit helps brands turn ideas into polished campaigns in just a few clicks.
Pippit: Best AI tool for content creation & marketing
Meet Pippit, a standout best AI tool for business, poised to revolutionize your content creation and marketing. This innovative platform uses AI to simplify visual content generation. Key features include AI-powered video creation from links, an intuitive image studio, and customizable AI avatars. Imagine a small business owner launching a new product; with Pippit, they can quickly generate engaging social media videos and eye-catching posters to drive sales. Or consider a marketing team needing diverse video content for various campaigns – Pippit streamlines the entire process. Now, let's explore the essential functionalities that make Pippit a game-changer for businesses like yours.
How to generate marketing videos with Pippit
Ready to transform your product information into captivating video content? Pippit makes it a breeze. Here's how you can generate engaging marketing videos in just a few simple steps:
- STEP 1
- Enter product link or add media
To begin generating your marketing video with Pippit, first navigate to the "Video Generator" located in the left-hand menu. Here, you have two convenient options: either paste the link to your product page or upload your own media files, such as compelling images and engaging video clips, that you wish to showcase in your promotional video. Once your content is selected and added to the platform, simply click the "Generate" button to initiate Pippit's intelligent AI, which will automatically begin crafting a compelling marketing video tailored to your input. This streamlined approach, combined with Pippit's intuitive design, makes it an ideal solution for marketers and content creators seeking to produce high-quality, engaging videos with remarkable ease.
Upon clicking "Generate," a new window titled "How you want to create a video" will appear. Here, Pippit intelligently extracts images and key product details directly from the link you provided. To further enhance the visual appeal of your product images, you can enable the "Auto enhance" feature, which automatically applies a clean and professional white background. As you scroll down within this window, you'll find options to select your preferred Video Type, allowing you to tailor the style and format of your video. Below this, you can customize your video with a range of settings, including the selection of engaging Avatars, preferred Voice for narration, desired Language, appropriate Aspect Ratio for different platforms, and the ideal Video Length to capture your audience's attention. You can explore and select each feature individually or combine multiple options from the extensive list to create a truly unique video. Once you are satisfied with your selections and customizations, simply click "Generate" again to create a polished and highly engaging brand promotion video ready for sharing.
- STEP 2
- Edit and customize your video
Once Pippit has generated initial video options from your link, you'll be presented with various theme-based templates tailored for different purposes, such as showcasing product highlights, creating promotional advertisements, or fitting trending social media formats. To personalize your video, simply hover over a template that catches your eye and click the "Quick edit" or the pencil icon. This will open a user-friendly interface where you can refine the automatically generated visuals, adjust the accompanying text, and personalize other elements to ensure the video perfectly reflects your brand's unique style and messaging.
Within the quick editing panel, you have the power to further customize your video. This includes tweaking the AI-generated script, selecting from a range of engaging AI avatars to present your content, and refining the voice settings for the narration. To add a personal touch, you can seamlessly incorporate your own media files, such as specific images or video clips, modify the existing text content, and customize the fonts, caption colors, and visual transitions.
For those seeking more granular control and advanced creative options, clicking the "Edit more" button, typically located in the top right corner, unlocks a comprehensive editing suite. Here, you can seamlessly add elements to video frames, incorporate music, adjust sound levels and playback speed, modify backgrounds and animations, and fine-tune aspect ratios. These features help you craft a visually captivating advertisement tailored for social media, ensuring it grabs attention and maximizes engagement.
- STEP 3
- Export, publish and track performance
Once you're satisfied with your edits, click the "Export" button in the top right corner. Choose either "Publish" or "Download", then select "Download" to continue. You’ll be able to adjust resolution, quality, frame rate, and format before confirming the final export. After exporting, you can directly publish your video to platforms like Instagram, Facebook, or your website. Pippit also offers built-in performance tracking tools that show how your content is performing. Use these insights to analyze engagement, measure effectiveness, and refine your video strategy for future campaigns.
How to create stunning posters for your business with Pippit
Need eye-catching posters that align with your brand? Pippit makes it effortless to design professional visuals tailored to your business goals. Follow these quick steps to create stunning visuals:
- STEP 1
- Access image studio and select "Poster"
To begin your poster creation journey with Pippit, simply navigate to the "Image studio" section within the platform and select the "Poster" option. This will directly open the intuitive, AI-powered poster generator, providing you with a streamlined interface ready to transform your creative concepts into visually stunning designs from your text prompts. This immediate access allows you to swiftly begin inputting your desired poster description, effectively setting the stage for Pippit's intelligent AI to bring your unique vision to life with remarkable ease.
- STEP 2
- Describe your vision or upload inspiration
Once the canvas opens, enter a clear and detailed prompt into the box on the left, describing your poster's message and visual style. For more refined results, toggle on "Enhance prompt" to let Pippit fine-tune your input. Below the prompt box, select the poster type and style that suits your goal, whether it's a product launch, sale, event, or announcement. Additionally, Pippit offers the option to upload a reference image, providing the AI with a visual guide to ensure the generated posters closely match your specific aesthetic preferences. Once you've articulated your vision and provided any reference materials, simply hit the "Generate" button to witness a variety of stunning, AI-crafted poster options appear on your screen within moments.
- STEP 3
- Select, customize and download poster
Browse through the AI-generated poster designs and select the one that best fits your message. Your chosen design will open on the canvas, where you can easily update the text while preserving the layout and visual style. To tailor your poster for different platforms, click "Resize" above the canvas and adjust the aspect ratio as needed. Once you're satisfied with the final look, click "Download", choose your preferred file format, size, and watermark options, and save your ready-to-share poster.
Essential features of Pippit every business should know
- AI-powered video generation
This feature allows you to effortlessly create engaging marketing videos from various inputs. Simply provide a product link, text description, or upload existing images and clips, and Pippit's intelligent AI will automatically generate video content tailored to your needs, saving you significant time and resources compared to traditional video production.
- AI image studio for stunning visuals
Pippit's intuitive image studio empowers you to create professional-quality posters, social media graphics, banners, and other visual assets with the assistance of AI. Describe your vision or upload inspiration, and the AI will generate eye-catching designs that align with your brand identity, ensuring visually compelling marketing materials.
- Customizable AI avatars
Elevate your video content and presentations with Pippit's customizable AI avatars. These digital personas can deliver your message in an engaging and unique way, allowing you to present information without the need for on-screen talent. You can tailor the avatar's appearance, voice, and even actions to perfectly match your brand's personality.
- Seamless e-commerce integration
For businesses with online stores, Pippit offers direct integration with e-commerce platforms. This allows you to easily generate dynamic videos and visuals showcasing your products, complete with up-to-date information like pricing and availability, streamlining your product promotion efforts across various channels.
- Scheduling and auto-publishing
Maintain a consistent online presence with Pippit's scheduling and auto-publishing capabilities. Plan your video and visual content calendar in advance and automate its distribution across various social media platforms and other channels, saving you valuable time and ensuring consistent audience engagement.
AI tools for business name and branding success
Creating a strong brand identity starts with the right name and visuals. These AI tools simplify branding from ideation to launch, helping you stand out in a crowded market.
- 1
- Looka – AI tool for business name generation and branding
Looka harnesses the power of artificial intelligence to help entrepreneurs and businesses discover unique and memorable names that resonate with their brand identity and industry. Beyond name generation, Looka extends its capabilities to assist in creating a comprehensive visual brand, offering AI-designed logos, color palettes, and font suggestions to establish a professional and consistent brand image from the outset. This makes it an invaluable tool for startups and those looking to refresh their existing branding.
- AI-driven visual harmony: Looka uniquely connects name generation with ai-designed logos and brand elements, providing a cohesive visual identity from the start, unlike standalone name generators. This ensures your business name and visual representation work together effectively from day one.
- Iterative design refinement: The platform allows users to generate numerous logo variations based on their preferences and easily tweak colors, symbols, and fonts until the perfect design is achieved. This provides more creative control compared to simply selecting from pre-made templates.
- Brand kit for consistent presence: Looka goes beyond just a logo by offering a comprehensive brand kit that includes ready-to-use business card designs, social media templates, and other marketing assets. This helps maintain a unified and professional brand image across all online and offline touchpoints.
- Potential for algorithmic similarity: While Looka offers a wide range of design options, the AI-generated nature means some logos might exhibit stylistic similarities across different users and industries. Businesses seeking truly groundbreaking and highly original designs might find this limiting.
- Limited advanced customization: Users who require highly intricate or unconventional logo designs with very specific elements and layouts might find Looka's customization capabilities less extensive than professional graphic design software.
- 2
- Durable – AI brand and website builder for new businesses
Durable is an innovative AI-powered platform specifically designed to empower new businesses with a rapid online presence. This tool goes beyond simple website creation by also assisting with initial brand development, suggesting brand names and helping to establish a basic visual identity. By automating much of the initial website building and branding process, Durable enables entrepreneurs to quickly get their business online and focus on growth.
- Rapid MVP creation: Durable's standout ability to generate a fully functional website complete with initial branding elements in under a minute is invaluable for new businesses. This allows entrepreneurs to quickly establish an online presence and begin validating their ideas and interacting with potential customers.
- Integrated essential tools for startups: Unlike many website builders, Durable incorporates basic customer relationship management (crm) and invoicing functionalities directly into the platform. This provides a streamlined and convenient toolkit for managing early-stage business operations without needing multiple separate applications.
- Trade-off for speed and simplicity: The remarkable speed and ease of use come with a trade-off in terms of design complexity and extensive customization options. Businesses with highly specific design visions might find the AI-generated templates somewhat restrictive.
- Scalability limitations for complex needs: While excellent for quickly launching a basic online presence, businesses with intricate website requirements, advanced e-commerce functionalities, or highly bespoke branding needs may outgrow Durable's capabilities as their business evolves and expands.
AI tools for business planning and productivity
Whether you're mapping out your next product launch or managing team workflows, the right AI tools can dramatically improve clarity, collaboration, and execution. These solutions are designed to enhance productivity and streamline planning across all business sizes.
- 1
- Notion AI – Workspace productivity and planning assistant
Notion AI seamlessly integrates artificial intelligence into the popular Notion workspace, acting as a versatile assistant to enhance productivity across various tasks. It can help users generate first drafts of documents, summarize lengthy notes, brainstorm new ideas, translate text, and even create action plans, all within the familiar Notion environment. This tight integration streamlines workflows and empowers individuals and teams to accomplish more efficiently.
- Seamless integration: For existing Notion users, the ai is directly embedded within their familiar workspace, eliminating the need to switch between different applications for various tasks. This tight integration streamlines workflows and enhances overall productivity.
- Context-aware assistance: Notion AI can understand and work with the surrounding content within your documents and pages, providing relevant and contextually appropriate suggestions for writing, summarizing, and brainstorming. This makes its assistance more targeted and efficient.
- Versatile functionality: Notion ai offers a wide array of helpful features, including generating text, summarizing notes, brainstorming ideas, creating action items, and even translating languages, making it a multi-purpose productivity tool within your workspace.
- No standalone use or external integrations: Notion ai is exclusively available within the Notion platform and cannot be used independently or integrated with other external tools or applications. This lack of flexibility might be a limitation for users who work across multiple ecosystems.
- Limited conversational memory: Unlike some dedicated ai assistants, Notion ai's memory is primarily page-based, meaning it doesn't retain a continuous conversational thread across different documents or interactions. This can limit its ability to understand more complex or evolving requests.
- 2
- Bizplan – Business plan AI tool for startups and entrepreneurs
Bizplan is specifically designed to guide startups and entrepreneurs through the often-daunting process of creating a comprehensive business plan. This AI-powered tool offers step-by-step guidance, templates for various sections, and even assists with financial forecasting by analyzing industry data and projections. By simplifying the planning process, Bizplan helps founders articulate their vision, attract investors, and lay a solid foundation for their new ventures.
- Step-by-step guidance: Bizplan provides a structured, step-by-step approach to business plan creation, making the often-daunting process more manageable for startups and entrepreneurs, especially those new to business planning. The templates and prompts guide users through each essential section.
- Financial planning tools: The platform includes helpful financial tools and templates that assist in creating crucial financial forecasts, including balance sheets, income statements, and cash flow projections. This is vital for understanding the financial viability of the business and attracting potential investors.
- Access to funding resources: Bizplan is part of the Startups.co platform, which includes access to Fundable, a crowdfunding service that connects startups with potential investors. This integration offers a direct pathway to seeking capital once the business plan is developed.
- Limited customization: Some users may find the templates and structure somewhat restrictive, limiting the ability to fully customize the business plan to highly specific or unconventional business models. This can result in a less unique final document.
- Potential lack of industry-specific guidance: While Bizplan offers general business planning guidance, it might lack in-depth, industry-specific advice or templates that cater to unique challenges and opportunities within particular sectors. Users in niche markets might need to supplement the platform with external research.
AI tools for business analysts and market research use
Data-driven strategies are the backbone of smart business decisions. These AI-powered tools help analysts and teams extract insights, monitor competitors, and visualize performance, enabling faster, more informed decision-making.
- 1
- Crayon – Competitive research and market intelligence platform
Crayon utilizes AI to continuously monitor and analyze a wide range of online data from competitors, including websites, marketing materials, and social media. This platform transforms scattered information into structured, actionable intelligence, enabling businesses to understand competitor strategies and market trends. By providing a clear view of the competitive landscape, Crayon empowers better strategic decision-making.
- Comprehensive competitive insights: Crayon provides a holistic view of the competitive landscape by monitoring a wide array of online sources, delivering valuable intelligence on competitor strategies and market shifts. This enables proactive decision-making and identification of emerging threats and opportunities.
- Actionable intelligence delivery: The platform goes beyond simple data collection by structuring information into actionable insights, such as competitor pricing changes, new product launches, and marketing campaign analyses. This allows businesses to directly apply intelligence to their strategic planning.
- Time and resource savings: Automating the process of competitive research significantly reduces the time and resources that would otherwise be required for manual monitoring and analysis. This allows teams to focus on strategic implementation rather than data gathering.
- Potential for data overload: The sheer volume of data collected by Crayon can sometimes be overwhelming if not properly filtered and analyzed. Users need to establish clear parameters and focus on the most relevant information to avoid analysis paralysis.
- Reliance on publicly available data: Crayon's analysis is primarily based on publicly accessible online information, which may not always provide a complete or entirely accurate picture of a competitor's strategies and internal operations.
- 2
- Tableau + Einstein – AI dashboards and insights for analysts
This integration combines Tableau's powerful data visualization with Salesforce Einstein's AI capabilities, offering advanced analytical tools for business analysts. Einstein directly embeds AI-driven insights within Tableau dashboards, automatically identifying patterns, explaining anomalies, and generating predictions. This empowers analysts to uncover deeper data meaning and communicate findings through compelling visuals.
- Enhanced data storytelling: Tableau's strength in data visualization, combined with Einstein's AI-driven insights, allows analysts to create more compelling and insightful data stories. The AI can highlight key trends and patterns that might be missed through manual analysis.
- Predictive and prescriptive analytics: Einstein goes beyond descriptive analytics by offering predictive capabilities (forecasting future trends) and prescriptive insights (suggesting actions based on data). This empowers analysts to provide more forward-looking and strategic recommendations.
- Deeper data exploration: The AI can automatically identify relationships, anomalies, and hidden patterns within large datasets, enabling analysts to explore data more efficiently and uncover deeper insights that drive better business decisions.
- Cost and complexity: Implementing and maintaining both Tableau and Salesforce Einstein can be a significant investment, particularly for smaller organizations. Furthermore, leveraging the advanced ai capabilities of Einstein often requires specialized knowledge and expertise.
- Integration dependency: The full power of this combination is best realized within the Salesforce ecosystem. Organizations that do not heavily utilize Salesforce products may find the integration benefits less significant, and the setup might be more complex.
Enterprise generative AI tools for business growth
For organizations seeking scale, automation, and consistent brand voice, enterprise AI tools offer robust solutions. These platforms enable smarter workflows, faster content creation, and data-backed strategies to fuel long-term growth.
- 1
- IBM Watsonx – Scalable enterprise AI for automation and analytics
IBM Watsonx is a comprehensive AI and data platform designed for large organizations seeking to scale their AI initiatives across various business functions. It offers a suite of tools for data management, AI model building, deployment, and governance, enabling enterprises to automate complex workflows, gain deep analytical insights from their data, and drive innovation across departments. Watsonx aims to provide a trusted and governed AI environment for enterprise-wide transformation.
- Enterprise-grade automation: Watsonx streamlines repetitive processes with customizable AI models and workflows. It reduces operational friction and increases efficiency at scale. From customer service to IT support, it automates intelligently. This frees teams for strategic initiatives.
- AI governance and security: The platform includes built-in tools for responsible AI use, including model monitoring, transparency, and risk management. It's ideal for regulated industries like finance or healthcare. It ensures trust and compliance. You control how models behave and learn.
- Scalable across departments: Watsonx adapts to use cases in marketing, HR, operations, and beyond. Teams can use it to build apps, automate decisions, or surface insights. It grows with your enterprise. The modular design supports flexibility without compromising control.
- Requires technical expertise: Watsonx is powerful but complex. Teams need strong technical support to set up, integrate, and maintain models. It’s best suited for organizations with experienced AI or data science teams. Non-technical users may face a steep barrier to entry.
- Longer deployment time: Due to its customization capabilities, deploying Watsonx across departments can take time. Configuration, testing, and training extend the timeline. Businesses must plan implementation in phases. Quick wins may require dedicated onboarding.
- 2
- Jasper – Generative AI tool for enterprise content creation
Jasper is a leading generative AI platform focused on empowering enterprise marketing and content teams to create high-quality content at scale. By leveraging advanced language models, Jasper can assist in generating various content formats, including marketing copy, blog posts, social media updates, and more, while also offering features to maintain brand voice consistency and optimize content for SEO. Jasper aims to streamline content workflows and enhance marketing productivity.
- Efficient content generation at scale: Jasper excels at rapidly generating various forms of marketing and content assets, significantly saving time and resources for enterprise marketing teams. This enables faster content production cycles and increased output across multiple channels.
- Brand voice consistency: The platform offers features to train the AI on a company's specific brand voice, ensuring that all generated content maintains a consistent tone and style, strengthening brand identity and messaging across all communications.
- Seo optimization assistance: Jasper includes tools to help optimize content for search engines by incorporating relevant keywords and suggesting seo-friendly writing styles. This can improve content visibility and drive organic traffic to enterprise websites and marketing materials.
- Requires human oversight and editing: While Jasper can generate content quickly, the output often requires human review, editing, and fact-checking to ensure accuracy, context, and brand appropriateness. The AI-generated content is a starting point and not a complete replacement for human creativity and expertise.
- Potential for generic or repetitive content: Depending on the prompts and training data, Jasper might sometimes produce content that is somewhat generic or repetitive. Achieving truly original and nuanced content often requires careful prompting and significant human refinement.
How to choose the right AI tool for your business
Selecting the right AI tool is crucial for impactful results. Consider these key factors to ensure alignment with your business needs and smooth integration:
- Match with your business function: Start by identifying the core function the tool will support, whether it's marketing, planning, analytics, or automation. A good AI tool should directly solve a pain point in that area. For example, Pippit is ideal for businesses focused on visual content creation and social media marketing, offering video generation, image design, and campaign publishing in one place.
- Ease of use for your team: An AI tool is only as effective as your team's ability to use it. Look for clean interfaces, tutorials, and intuitive workflows. Pippit shines here with a user-friendly dashboard that allows marketers and non-designers to create videos and posters effortlessly without technical know-how.
- Scalability for business growth: Choose a platform that can evolve with your business, from solo entrepreneur to enterprise-level demands. Tools like Pippit support growing teams by offering content scheduling, asset management, and scalable templates that adapt as your brand expands.
- Integration with existing systems: The AI tool should connect smoothly with your current software, whether that's your CRM, e-commerce platform, or analytics stack. While platforms like IBM Watsonx focus on deeper backend integrations, Pippit offers native e-commerce link support and auto-publishing features that integrate easily into content workflows.
- Data privacy and security: Always prioritize tools that follow best practices for data protection, especially if you're handling customer information. Enterprise tools like Watsonx lead in this area with detailed governance, while tools like Pippit ensure user content and brand assets are handled securely during creation and export.
The future of AI in business strategies for 2025 & beyond
As AI continues to evolve, it's not just transforming tools—it's reshaping entire business strategies. From how brands connect with customers to how teams collaborate, these trends will define the next wave of innovation.
- Hyper-personalization at scale: AI enables businesses to deliver tailored content, offers, and messaging to individual users in real time. What used to require manual segmentation can now happen automatically with behavior-based data. This enhances user experience and improves conversion across marketing and sales.
- AI-driven strategy and forecasting: Predictive models powered by AI help businesses make smarter decisions faster. From demand forecasting to customer churn prediction, AI tools turn historical data into actionable insights. This leads to more confident planning and reduced operational risk.
- Smarter automation across departments: AI is moving beyond marketing and entering HR, finance, operations, and customer support. Automated workflows are reducing manual tasks, improving consistency, and freeing teams to focus on strategic work. Tools like Pippit are already streamlining content workflows through intelligent automation.
- Rise of no-code AI platforms: No-code and low-code AI tools are making powerful technology accessible to non-technical users. Teams can now build models, automate tasks, and generate content without writing code. This democratizes innovation and accelerates implementation across all levels of business.
- Human-AI collaboration in the workplace: The future isn't about AI replacing people, but enhancing their abilities. AI will act as a creative partner, strategic advisor, and productivity booster. Businesses that embrace this collaboration will unlock new levels of efficiency and innovation.
Conclusion
In this guide, we explored the best AI tools for business in 2025, covering everything from name generation and branding to content creation, market research, and enterprise automation. Each tool offers unique strengths, whether it's simplifying business planning, enhancing productivity, or unlocking valuable data insights. As AI continues to evolve, adopting the right tools can help you stay competitive, agile, and growth focused.Among these powerful platforms, Pippit emerges as a top choice for content-driven businesses. It brings together AI video generation, image design, and publishing tools into a single, easy-to-use solution, perfect for marketers, entrepreneurs, and teams looking to scale their content without added complexity. Start creating smarter, faster, and more beautifully today. Explore Pippit and see how AI can elevate your brand's marketing game.
FAQs
- 1
- What are some of the best small business AI tools looking to improve their marketing efforts?
Small businesses benefit most from small business AI tools that offer ease of use, quick content generation, and automation features. These tools help streamline marketing tasks like creating visuals, managing campaigns, and publishing content across platforms. One such tool is Pippit, which enables small teams to create high-quality marketing videos and posters without any design experience. With built-in AI content generation, scheduling, and auto-publishing, Pippit helps businesses scale their outreach and maintain consistent brand presence.
- 2
- Can AI tools for market research help businesses understand their competitor strategies?
Yes, many AI tools for market research support businesses in identifying competitor trends, market shifts, and strategic opportunities. While Pippit is focused on content creation, its real strength lies in helping you react faster by generating tailored marketing visuals and campaigns. When used alongside market insights, Pippit empowers you to craft responsive, on-brand content that aligns with current trends and audience expectations.
- 3
- How do business AI tools enable higher-converting email marketing?
Business AI tools enhance email marketing by enabling automation, personalization, and better content delivery. With Pippit, you can easily design visuals such as promotional banners, product videos, and branded graphics that add visual appeal to your emails. These assets help boost click-through rates and engagement, making your email campaigns more compelling and effective for both small and large business efforts.